Chess in time control

 

       Normally, playing chess in tournament must control time in each side. Time of playing is between a half hour to 6 or 7 hours or more, By control time cause to divide  type of chess contest . as detail

1.     Bullet chess . This playing time is between 1 to 2 minutes per side ,  Player must have a good decision to determine a moving of piece in few time.
   
2.     Blitz chess . Playing time in this type of chess is between 3 to 5 minutes per side , giving more time than bullet time for player to thinking of moving.
3.     Lightning . word show rapid moving . refer to a bullet chess , blitz chess or any chess game was played with a fixed little time for player moving 
4.     Quick chess or Rapid chess . Playing time is between 15 to 60 minutes in each game.

         World Blitz chess chanpion
          In 2006 ,Russian Alexander Grischuk.
          In 2007 ,Ukraine Vassily Ivanchuk.
          In 2008 , Cuba Leinier Domingues.
          In 2009 , Norwaian Magnus Carlsen.
          In 2010 , May be You.

Notation of moving chess

  Notation of moving chess

   In playing chess , a player moves a piece of chess in contest . There are note for  chess moving recording . Normally noteing a chess moving on board by using algebraic chess notation
  Rules about notation for recording chess moving as
detailed in below:
   1.It is sequently by " piece moved , move to file , move to rank" . For example
         Qg5 = Queen piece move to g file and 5th rank ,see in pic.
         or another method , sequently by " piece moved,moved from file , move to file , move to rank"
For example
         Kbc3 = Knight piece from b file move to c file and 3rd rank.
         Except , pawn moving is not showed it's letter, For example
         b4 = Pawn move to b file and 4th rank
  2. Using "x" for a capture by shown in front of captured piece square . For example
         Qxe5 = Queen capture a piece in e file and 5th rank.
  3. 0-0 for casting in kingside and 0-0-0 for casting in Queen side.
  4. If pawn change status by movint to last rank . shown in example
        a1R or a1=R   = pawn move to a file and 1st rank and change status to rook
  5. Letter " + " is used for check king , Letter " ++ " or "#" is used for checkmate.
  6. ! and ? are used as example
        !  = a good move
        !! = an excellent move
        ? = a mistake
       ??= a blunder
       !? = interesting but may not be best

  7. in result of game . shown in example
        0-1 = white win
        1-0 = black win
        1/2 - 1/2 = draw

Deep Blue

     Deep Blue was the first chess-playing computer. It can calculate 200 million positions per sencon.
     Deep Blue was began at Carnegie Mellon University to test chip by Feng-hsiung Hsu.followed by Deep Thought. Later IBM research hired Feng-hsiung-Hsu and his Deep Thought team to erect a chess machine that can win the world champion . Later IBM change name Deep Thought to Deep Blue by selecting wining name in contest.
     Deep Blue win contest with world champion Garry Kasparov in 1996. Deep Blue win 2 and draw 3 in five games.Later Deep Blue was developed to Deeper Blue . In 1997 It contest with world chess champion in rematch under standard chess tournament and finally it win .It is first chess machine that beating world chess champion and keep record in computer history.
     Deep Blue was dismantled because insufficient of game samples between rated chess player and Deep Blue.
     At now . Not focus at hardware but change to improve software chess programs.Famous software chess programs is Deep Fritz , Rybka, Deep junior which are more efficiency than Deep Blue .
     However , Deep Blue still is in our memory for first chess machine in world
   

psychology about chess

    
     From scientific research of Alfred Binet about chess identify that base of expertise was verbal and knowledge.
     From doctor thesis , Adriaan de Groot identify that perception of chess master is so fast resulting from long study and practice. And perception is more important than anticipating move. Chess master can memorize all position of pieces on chess board in a few seconds, can solve  move by thinking move method to a lot of method in a few seconds,too. Master can place all piece at old position again after moving all pieces out of chess board.  These ability make chess master different from the beginner or normally  player.
    Chess is mental training. Such as blindfold chess , is playing chess by using notation method, not chessboard, use mental image. Research of Ericsson and colleagues showed that everyone can come to high level of chess playing by practicing  but  research of Gobet and colleagues add that  good players seem to be born in late winter and early spring, more using and special in left hand , begin playing since early of life

About Title and Ranking

       There are woman titles in chess rank ,too. Woman Grandmaster (WGM) is woman title in FIDE. First woman was got this title, Nona Gaprindashvili  , in 1978.
        Nona Gaprindashvili is a Georgia citizen , Soviet Union . she was born in 3 May 1941 .She was so famous chess player of the USSR team at the woman's olympiads in 1980s.She was  the sixth women's world,in 1962 - 1978 . And was first female Grandmaster ,win Lone Pine 1977 ,among 45 chess players.Her FIDE rating was 2349 in April 2009
        Solvers of chess problems got award from international correspondence chess federation . national chess organizations in all countries can award this title, too.
        FIDE,National chess organization , and ICCF use Elo rating system to rank player.
        Elo rating system was developed by Arpad Elo, Elo rating system estimate average score of player in game. FIDE  use Elo rating system in 1970.
        The highest rate of FIDE was 2810 by norwaian Magnus Carlsen in Jan 2010

Title and Ranking of Chess Player

  Title and Ranking
    FIDE divided title and ranking of player by level of skill. there are four level as detailed

•    Grandmaster (GM,Internatonal Grandmaster,IGM), This title name the chess player who have the most score in contest tournament. It is the highest title in world of chess player.By getting Grandmaster chess player must collect an Elo class rating at least 2500 at one time .Including three favorite contest results with other grandmaster , and good contest result from other country.In addition to player must win the world junior championship.
•  International master (IM) This title must has 2400 of mininum rating . Other condition same as Grandmaster.
  
•  FIDE Master (FM) .This title must has 2300 of minimum rating.
  
• Candidate Master (CM). The title must has 2200 of minimum rating 

   All title and rank are attained by men and woman chess player .

FIDE

     FIDE
                FIDE , France acronym, was founded on 20 July 1924 ,in Paris. The full name is Federation international des Echecs.
                Purpose of FIDE

•   Developement and diffusion of chess among countrys and nations all over the world ,bring together human in every races,political , creeds who play chess to follow developing activities of chess player in world
•   Increase level of chess knowledge and culture on a sporting, creative,scientific,and cultural basis.
  

•   developing harmony among player and people 
•   Responsibility for organization of chess and its championships.

        FIDE was treated as an International Organization in 1989 and treated by IOC(The International Olympic Committee) as an International Sports Federation. FIDE presents the rule of chess to  FIDE competitions and IOC. FIDE is one of most active sports organizations in world. There are 161 countries membered to FIDE
        FIDE President

•     1924-1949 , Alexander Rueb
•     1949-1970 , Folke Rogard
•     1970-1978 , Machgielis Euwe
•     1978-1982 , Fridrik Olafsson
•     1982-1995 , Florencio Campomanes
•     1995- now , Kirsan Ilyumzhinov
  

                  

After War era , From 1945 until now

      After 1945 until now .
      In 1948 It begined  era of soviet world chess champion until  end of the Soviet Union except American Bubby Fischer. By Russian Mikhail Botvinnik , winner of the 1948 of FIDE.
      This era new system was seted up by FIDE that The best player of Zonal tournament will played with other best player of another Zonal tournament,called Interzonal tournaments. The winner of interzonal tournament would gone to Candidates stage, the beginning stage of tournament. And the winner of Candidates stage will fight to the champion of FIDE.All of this cycle is three years.
     In 1948 - 1961 , Champion was Bontvinnik , except Vasily Smyslov in 1957 and Mikhail Tal in 1960.
     In 1963-1969 , Armenian Tigran Petrosian
     In 1969-1972 , Boris Spassky .
     In 1973-1975 ,  Bobby Fischer win the Match of the century.
     In 1975-1985 , Anatoly Karpov.
     In 1985-2000 , Garry Kasparov.In 1993 Kasparov broked with FiDE and built Professional Chess Association (PCA) so in world there were two champ. world championship and world champion.and reunified in 2006 by champ from PCA beat champ FIDE
     In 2000-2006 , Valdimir Kramnik
     In 2007-2009 , Viswanathan Anand
     In 2010, young Magnus Carlsen
    

Chess as sport

     During 1850-1946 , People strarted to play chess as sport. In 1851,The first chess tournament was held in London. And won by Adolf Anderson . Energetic attacking style or strategically shallow style of Anderson was considered as the brilliant leading chess master and the highest possible summit of the chess art.
     In that time there are two younger players who reached very deep in nature of chess , Amercan Paul Morphy and Cuba Jose Raul Capablanca.
     Morphy beated his more competitors in his career between 1857-1863 by using brilliant attack and startegy style .He was special in attacking style.
     Capablanca was chess prodigy who like to play in simple positions and endgame style.He against his competitors and undefeated from 1916 to 1924.
     During the world war there was revolutionized in chess theory by hypermodernists . This theory emphasis controlling center  of board by distant pieces such as bishop , knight, quen rather than pawn and try to appeal compettitor to occupy the center by his pawn that was object of attack
    At the end of 19th century , a lot of master tournament were held . First formally chess grandmaster was identified  by Tsar Nicholas ll of Russia .The World Chess Federation (FIDE) was founded in 1924,Followed by Women's World Chess Championship  in 1927 and first woman chessmaster of Women's World Chess Championship was Czech-English Vera Menchik.

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